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Kidney & Urinary Health

Chronic kidney disease is linked to the higher rates of diabetes and hypertension in the community. Early testing can prevent irreversible damage.

Last reviewed: 2026-06-03

Kidney & Urinary Health

## Kidneys — The Silent Filter

Kidneys filter ~180 litres of blood per day. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops slowly and without symptoms — until damage is severe.

## Connection to the Community

Diabetes (×3.5 in community) — leading cause of kidney damage. High blood pressure — second most common cause. Sickle cell anaemia directly damages kidneys. Ethiopian-Israeli men on dialysis: **×2.1 the average**.

## Early Detection Tests

Creatinine blood test. Urine protein (microalbuminuria). GFR. All free in the basic basket for diabetics and hypertensives.

## Protecting Your Kidneys

8 glasses of water daily. Blood sugar control (HbA1c < 7%). Blood pressure control (<130/80). ACEI/ARB medications (kidney protective). Avoid NSAIDs (ibuprofen, Nurofen) — they damage kidneys.

📞 Nephrologist referral via GP

Research figures

Sudden swelling + shortness of breath + chest pain — ER immediately.

Common Health Conditions in the Community

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